The Rise of Independent Redistricting Commissions

Across the United States, a growing number of states are removing redistricting power from partisan legislators and placing it in the hands of independent or bipartisan commissions. This movement represents one of the most significant structural reforms in American democracy in recent decades.

As of 2024, more than a dozen states have adopted some form of independent or advisory redistricting commission for congressional and/or state legislative districts. These commissions vary in structure and authority, but they share a common goal: reducing the influence of partisan self-interest in the redistricting process.

California's Citizens Redistricting Commission, established by voters in 2008 and expanded in 2010, is often cited as a model. The 14-member commission includes five Democrats, five Republicans, and four members from neither major party, selected through a rigorous application and vetting process. The commission holds extensive public hearings and draws districts based on legally mandated criteria that prioritize community representation over political advantage.

Arizona's Independent Redistricting Commission, one of the earliest in the nation, has demonstrated that independent commissions can create more competitive districts while still complying with the Voting Rights Act and other legal requirements. Research shows that states with independent commissions tend to produce more competitive elections and higher voter engagement.

The commission model is not without challenges. Defining "independence" is complex, and the selection process for commissioners must be carefully designed to prevent partisan manipulation. Some commissions have faced legal challenges, and the political dynamics of each state create unique obstacles to reform. Nevertheless, the trend toward independent commissions represents a powerful response to the gerrymandering problem.

For advocates of fair redistricting, supporting the creation and strengthening of independent commissions remains one of the most effective strategies for achieving lasting reform.